Premio tesi di dottorato issn 26128039 print issn 26128020 online. Quantum simulation with ultracold quantum gases, trapped. Novel quantum states of matter have been successfully achieved for the first time by using ultracold ytterbium atoms in optical lattices. Quantum gases and ultracold atoms quantum technology. Welcome to the fascinating world of quantum matter near absolute zero. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation march 12, 2014 west lafayette, ind. Ultracold fermi gases ii we explore unconventional ways how ultracold fermions pair and form collective quantum phases exhibiting longrange order, such as superfluidity and magnetically order.
Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases inspire. Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide. The polaron was recently observed in a boseeinstein condensate for the first time, opening up for multiple intriguing research pathways. Mar 12, 2014 a team of university of innsbruck researchers discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. Leblanc full cv, pdf assistant professor canada research chair in ultracold gases for quantum simulation fellow, canada institute for advanced research quantum materials program lindsay. Feynman showed that a classical turing machine would experience an exponential slowdown when simulating quantum phenomena, while his hypothetical universal quantum simulator would not. The photodissociation of 88sr2 molecules is examined at ultracold temperatures with a high degree of control, and a wealth of quantum effects such. Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations with. In the first part of the thesis we develop a general method applicable to atoms or molecules or even nanoparticles, to decelerate a hot fast gas beam to zero velocity by using an optical cavity. Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices. It has lead to a number of major experimental and theoretical breakthroughs in many research groups. Manybody quantum physics with ultracold gases theory. In particular, their controllability, isolation from noisy thermal environments, and evolution on experimentallyaccessible timescales make them a natural choice to probe the effects of driving on time evolution and energy.
In quantum information theory, kitaevs toric code is a z2 lattice gauge theory. Quantum simulations of condensed matter systems using. Today, his dream has become a reality in laboratories around the world. Quantum simulations using ultracold atoms request pdf. First, atoms are usually trapped and precooled via.
For instance, ultracold atoms have been proposed as a platform for quantum computation and quantum simulation, 5 accompanied by very active experimental research to achieve these goals. Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. Under these circumstances, a system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice see fig. Over the past years, ultracold quantum gases have offered remarkable opportunities to. Internationaldoctorateinatomic andmolecularphotonics cicloxxx coordinatore prof. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an. This will allow quantum simulations of phenomena related to the physics of. Strongly correlated fermi gases participation for activity ultracold atoms smr number.
This generic scenario can be studied in new detail by utilizing ultracold quantum gases, which offer a versatile and unique test bench. Apr 12, 2014 ultracold fermi gases ii we explore unconventional ways how ultracold fermions pair and form collective quantum phases exhibiting longrange order, such as superfluidity and magnetically order. Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations. Quantum simulation with ultracold atomic gases in an optical lattice. Sep 18, 20 physicists at jila have created a crystallike arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum spin properties with nearby and distant partners. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the real. Metastability and coherence of repulsive polarons in a strongly interacting fermi mixture, c. In particle physics, quantum chromodynamics qcd, the non.
Also the fundamental physics has benefited from these advancements with the development of quantum simulators, controlled. Quantum optics with quantum gases will close the gap between standard quantum optics and quantum atom optics. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. Researchers have created a new type of ultracold molecule, using lasers. In our experiments, we use ultracold atom clouds to understand how complex quantum systems behave. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation date. Researchers have created a new type of ultracold molecule, using lasers to cool atoms nearly to absolute zero and then gluing them together, a technology that might be applied to quantum computing, precise sensors and advanced simulations. Though very little of the growing body of quantum simulation work has addressed ultrafast phenomena, a robust toolkit exists for controlling and measuring excitations in trapped gases. In brief, boseeinstein condensates bec and degenerate fermi gases of lasercooled alkali atoms are subjected to specially designed optical and magnetic.
Ultracold atomic gases trapped at the interference of coherent beams of light constitute an artificial material. The goal is to find, by detailed simulations, how particle transport through a quasi1d ultracold optical lattice takes place and predict experimentally observable signatures of the flat band characteristics. Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices can in fact be considered as quantum simulators, as richard. In particle physics, quantum chromodynamics qcd, the nonabelian su3 gauge theory of the strong interactions between quarks and gluons. May 07, 20 quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices.
Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both. Quantum simulations can be used to overcome this problem. Since the interactions between the particles of ultracold quantum gases can be varied continuously, new correlations can be introduced, such as spinorbit coupling 2 a way to link the internal quantum state of the atom its spin to its external motion its orbit. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices christian gross1 and immanuel bloch1,2 quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. These properties put these systems in an ideal position for simulating problems that are out of reach for classical computers. Quantum simulators may be contrasted with generally programmable digital quantum computers.
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices represent an ideal platform for simulations of quantum manybody problems. Ultracold quantum mixtures statics and dynamics of impurities in fermi gases future directions. Pdf quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases. Our research group at the physikalisches institut of heidelberg university performs fundamental research in the fields of quantum and atomic physics. Quantum optics with quantum gases university of oxford. Quantum simulation with ultracold quantum gases, trapped ions. Quantum simulators permit the study of quantum systems that are difficult to study in the laboratory and impossible to model with a supercomputer. Quantum dot systems have shown to be widely tunable quantum systems, that can be efficiently controlled electrically.
A team of university of innsbruck researchers discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. Workshop on quantum simulations with ultracold atoms. Well still restrict attention to gases meaning a bunch of particles moving around and barely interacting but one of the. In recent years, technologies have been developed to cool atoms and molecules to the lowest temperatures. Ultracold atoms as quantum simulators scitechdaily.
Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices science. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the realtime evolution of. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases nature physics. We are an experimental research group working with atomic and molecular gases cooled down to temperatures in the nanokelvin range. Quantum simulation with ultracold atoms conclusion. As a phenomenon of nature how does matter behave at very low temperatures. Physicists create crystal of spinswapping ultracold molecules sep 18, 20 physicists find charge separation in. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices represent an ideal platform for simulations of quantum many. This optical lattice material may be used for controlled quantum simulations of condensed matter theories. Our general scientific goal is to create novel states of quantum matter and to investigate their intriguing and sometimes very bizarre properties. Physicists at jila have created a crystallike arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum spin properties with nearby and distant partners.
H34 a quantum simulator for carrying out complex physics calculations. This thesis explores feynmans idea of quantum simulations by using ultracold quantum gases. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases nature. The quantum evolution of an initial nonequilibrium state can be tracked using a quantum gas microscope. Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations with applications for cold gases lode pollet department of physics, arnold sommerfeld center for theoretical physics and center for nanoscience, university of munich, theresienstrasse 37, 80333 munich, germany email. Quantum gases in this section we will discuss situations where quantum e. In particular, we are interested in questions related to how strong interactions, reduced. The phenomenon of feshbach resonance provides a means to tune the strength of interactions between atoms over several orders of. One reason is that such systems are often difficult to control, show an intermingling of several effects, or are not easily accessible to measurement. The project involves understanding the quantum physics of flat bands, and how ultracold quantum gas setups work. His research activity develops in the field of degenerate quantum gases for quantum simulation applications. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation and. Ultracold quantum gases have opened up new vistas in manybody physics, from novel quantum states of matter to quantum computing applications. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases.
Quantum simulation of ultrafast dynamics using trapped. Quantum simulations with atoms and light joint cqomitamp. Ultracold atoms provide such a window of opportunity designer models achieved through tuning interaction strength, dynamic control, and new experimental probes emulation of simple models relies on a separation of length or energy scales. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases immanuel bloch 1,2, jean dalibard 3 and sylvain nascimbene 1,3 ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of. Photodissociation of ultracold diatomic strontium molecules. Ultracold atoms have a variety of applications owing to their unique quantum properties and the great experimental control available in such systems. The chosen examples, some of which have already been realized in experiment, include such diverse settings as frustrated antiferromagnetism, quantum phase transitions in exotic lattice geometries, topological insulators, nonabelian gaugefields, orbital order of ultracold fermions, and systems with longrange interactions. Physicists create crystal of spinswapping ultracold molecules sep 18, 20 physicists find charge separation in a molecule consisting of two identical atoms. The novel structure might be used to simulate or even invent new materials that derive exotic properties from quantum spin behavior, for electronics or other practical applications.
Robertorighini new quantum simulations with ultracold ytterbium gases. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices mo. A universal quantum simulator is a quantum computer proposed by yuri manin in 1980 and richard feynman in 1982. Detection of correlations in optical lattices we proposed a setup for detecting quantum correlations. Over the past years, ultracold quantum gases have offered remarkable opportunities to investigate quantum matter through. So, the quantum optics with quantum gases can be considered as an ultimate quantum limit of. The key prospect of a quantum simulator is to access ne. By following the dynamics of a quantum system of strongly correlated ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, a team of physicists has demonstrated the superiority of a dynamical quantum simulator over stateoftheart numerical calculations. Many outstanding problems in quantum physics, such as hightc superconductivity or quark confinement, are still after decades of research awaiting commonly accepted explanations. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important to reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used. The muri program quantum simulations of condensed matter systems using ultra cold atomic gases has had tremendous impact on the field of quantum simulations.
Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. In condensed matter physics, abelian u1 lattice gauge theories arise in the description of certain quantum spin liquids. Request pdf quantum simulations using ultracold atoms form only given. He is currently a postdoctoral fellow at the university of florence. In the last years these systems have emerged as an ideal playground for the simulation of manybody quantum phenomena thanks. Dynamical properties of ultracold bose atomic gases in onedimensional optical lattices. Lindsay j leblanc ultracold quantum gases laboratory. We study gases of cold and ultracold atoms, their physics and features for the sake of quantum technology. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation.
Highlights include the pioneering of quantum gas microscopy, the realization of. Ultracold fermi gases we first consider quantum simulation of ultracold fermi gases with attractive interactions. Quantum simulation of triangular, honeycomb and kagome. Ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of interacting manybody systems. In this instance, simulators are special purpose devices designed to provide insight about specific physics problems. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Within this setting, quantum gas microscopes enable single atom observation and manipulation in large samples. In recent years, the unprecedented experimental control of the laws of quantum mechanics has led to the socalled quantum technology revolution, a terminology adopted to refer to the applications in which quantum properties play a prominent role. Pdf ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of interacting manybody systems. Abelian gauge theories are of central importance in many areas of physics. The bulk of this dissertation concerns the construction and calibration of an optical. Ultracold quantum gases offer a versatile platform to study a wide range of open questions in condensed matter physics and beyond. These gases constitute a model system of interacting fermions, whose physical behaviour is very rich2 4.
There are over 100 experiments on ultracold quantum gases around the world on every continent except antarctica. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. Johannes hecker denschlag description the young field of ultracold quantum gases is an exciting, fast. Specifically, we plan to realize and study pairing with orbital angular momentum and pairing induced by longrange interaction. The high degree of controllability, the novel detection possibilities and the extreme. Applications include quantum simulations of condensed matter phenomena 6, trapping of atom arrays in high precision atomic clocks 7 and quantum gas microscopes 8, and the realisation of quantum gates for quantum informa. Quantum degeneracy in a gas of atoms 1 atom per quantum state number of atoms available position space available momentum space h3 n m k b t32 h3 1 dilute metastable gases n 1014cm3 t c 1mk ultracold air n 1019cm3, t c 1mk stuff n 1022cm3, t c 0. Ultracold quantum matter ultracold atoms and quantum gases. Experiments with ultracold quantum gases provide a platform for creating manybody systems that can be well controlled and whose parameters can be tuned over a wide range. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing.